Πλαστικός εξοπλισμός
Με την ανάπτυξη της επιστήμης, τα γρανάζια έχουν αλλάξει σιγά σιγά από μεταλλικά σε πλαστικά γρανάζια. Επειδή τα πλαστικά γρανάζια είναι πιο λιπαντικά και-ανθεκτικά στη φθορά. Μπορεί να μειώσει το θόρυβο, να μειώσει το κόστος και να μειώσει την τριβή.
Τα συνήθως χρησιμοποιούμενα πλαστικά υλικά γραναζιών είναι: PVC, POM, PTFE, PA, νάιλον, PEEK κ.λπ.
Εξοπλισμός αυτοκινήτου
There are many steel grades for gears of medium and heavy trucks in my country, mainly to meet the requirements of introducing advanced foreign automobile technology at that time. In the 1950s, my country introduced the production technology of Soviet medium-duty trucks (ie the original "Jiefang" brand) from the former Soviet Union Rikhachev Automobile Plant, and at the same time introduced the 20CrMnTi steel grade of automobile gears produced in the former Soviet Union.
Σχηματισμένο γρανάζι
Γρανάζια διαμόρφωσης (10 φωτογραφίες)
After the reform and opening up, with the rapid development of my country's economic construction, in order to meet the needs of the rapid development of my country's transportation, from the 1980s onwards, my country has introduced various advanced models from industrially developed countries in a planned manner, as well as various advanced foreign medium- and heavy-duty trucks. Freight cars are also being introduced continuously. At the same time, my country's major automobile factories cooperate with famous foreign automobile companies to introduce advanced foreign automobile production technology, including automobile gear production technology. At the same time, the level of my country's steel smelting technology is constantly improving. The use of advanced smelting technologies such as ladle secondary smelting and composition fine-tuning, continuous casting and rolling, enables steel mills to produce gears with high purity and narrowed hardenability bands. The use of steel has realized the localization of imported automobile gear steel, which has brought my country's gear steel production level to a new level. The nickel-containing high-hardenability steel for domestic heavy-duty automobile gears suitable for my country's national conditions has also been applied and achieved good results. The heat treatment technology of automobile gears has also developed from the use of well-type gas carburizing protection in the original 50-60s to the current universal use of continuous gas carburizing automatic lines and box-type multi-purpose furnaces and automatic production lines (including low-pressure (vacuum) carburizing) controlled by computers. Technology), gear carburizing pre-oxidation treatment technology, gear quenching controlled cooling technology (due to the use of special quenching oil and quenching cooling technology), gear forging blank isothermal normalizing technology, etc. The adoption of these technologies not only enables effective control of gear carburizing and quenching distortion, improved gear processing accuracy and extended service life, but also satisfies the mass production needs of modern heat treatment of gears.
Η σχετική βιβλιογραφία επισημαίνει ότι η διάρκεια ζωής των γραναζιών αυτοκινήτου αξιολογείται κυρίως από δύο βασικούς δείκτες, ο ένας είναι η αντοχή κόπωσης επαφής του γραναζιού και ο άλλος είναι η αντοχή κόπωσης σε κάμψη του γραναζιού. Το πρώτο καθορίζεται κυρίως από την ποιότητα της ενανθράκωσης και της απόσβεσης και το δεύτερο καθορίζεται κυρίως από το υλικό του γραναζιού. Για το λόγο αυτό, είναι απαραίτητο να έχουμε μια πιο ολοκληρωμένη κατανόηση των απαιτήσεων, των χαρακτηριστικών απόδοσης και θερμικής επεξεργασίας του ανθρακούχου χάλυβα για γρανάζια αυτοκινήτου.
